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A metal detectorist in Finland unearthed a massive Viking Age silver hoard estimated to contain more than 4,000 coins — the largest discovery of its kind ever found in the country.
The hoard, uncovered by metal detectorist Kalle Lappinen, was found near the village center of Sysmä, a town about 105 miles northeast of Helsinki.
Lappinen discovered the hoard on Sept. 3 and promptly reported it to authorities. Archaeologists from Lahti Museums began recovering the silver the very next day.
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The hoard consists of “thousands of silver coins, hack silver, a silver bracelet, a mount and a bead,” according to a museum release.
The hoard includes coins from present-day Sweden, Britain and Germany, as well as dirhams originating from areas that are now part of Turkey and Iran.
A massive Viking Age silver hoard discovered near Sysmä, Finland, is estimated to contain more than 4,000 coins. (Esko Tikkala/Lahti Museums)
The recovered coins weigh approximately 10 pounds in total and are believed to date to between 1000 and 1050 A.D., as Lahti Museums archaeologist Esko Tikkala told Fox News Digital.
Tikkala oversaw the hoard’s recovery. He said the dating remains preliminary and will be refined after the coins have been cleaned and thoroughly studied.
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While Tikkala has excavated other Late Iron Age hoards in the region, he said the sheer size of the Sysmä discovery surprised him.
“Instead of the tens or few hundreds of coins we usually encounter, this find contains thousands,” he said.
Researchers are studying thousands of coins from the Sysmä hoard to learn more about their origins and the silver economy of the period. (Esko Tikkala/Lahti Museums)
Even at this preliminary stage, Tikkala said the discovery adds to evidence that Sysmä was an important hub during the Late Iron Age, with trade connections extending in multiple directions.
“Today, Sysmä might be regarded as a relatively modest and peripheral place, but judging from the Late Iron Age archaeological material, the situation seems to have been very different a thousand years ago,” he said.
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The hoard also contains more than twice as many coins as Finland’s previously largest known Viking Age coin hoard, which was unearthed in Nousiainen in 1895 and contained approximately 1,700 coins, Tikkala added.
The identity of the hoard’s owner has been lost to time, Tikkala said, though several theories exist about why the silver was buried.
“It is very difficult to determine what actually happened or who the owner was.”
The coins and other objects were buried beside a low rocky outcrop in spots where they could have been relatively easily recovered, he added.
Why their owner never returned for the treasure, however, remains a mystery.
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“Perhaps a merchant buried part of his wealth for safekeeping so that he did not have to carry it with him, intending to retrieve it the next time he returned to the area,” Tikkala said.
“Alternatively, it may have belonged to a wealthy local inhabitant who buried it because of the threat of conflict or an enemy attack,” he added. “There are many possible explanations, and it is very difficult to determine what actually happened or who the owner was.”
Archaeologists recovered approximately 10 pounds of coins believed to date to between A.D. 1000 and 1050 from the Finnish site. (Esko Tikkala/Lahti Museums)
Frida Ehrnsten, keeper of the numismatic collections at the National Museum of Finland, told Fox News Digital that the discovery could give researchers a new understanding of how silver circulated in the region roughly 1,000 years ago.
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“It’s a very, very, very important new find that will in some ways probably change our perception of the Viking Age silver economy here,” Ehrnsten said.
Ehrnsten noted that researchers generally do not describe the people living in Finland during the period as Vikings — as Vikings came from Scandinavia, which does not include Finland — though the term “Viking Age” is used to describe the broader era and cultural context.
The silver was found in two separate deposits roughly 39 feet apart.
Shet said one of the most intriguing aspects of the discovery is that the silver was found in two separate deposits roughly 39 feet apart.
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“It’s kind of a double hoard,” she said. “We haven’t really had any known examples of those from before.”
Ehrnsten also noted that hobby metal detectorists have played a major role in the surge of archaeological coin discoveries across Finland.
The identity of the person who buried the enormous Viking Age silver hoard near Sysmä has been lost to history. (Esko Tikkala/Lahti Museums; Heritage Art/Heritage Images via Getty Images)
About 25 years ago, roughly 7,000 Viking Age coins were known from Finland, she said. Today, that number stands at around 14,000.
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“Almost the whole body of this new material is made by people who go around searching [as] a hobby,” she added.