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In the aftermath of Nicolás Maduro’s capture by United States forces, paramilitary groups tied to the Venezuelan leader’s regime have initiated an aggressive campaign to maintain control over the country.
Mobs of motorcycle-riding civilians often armed with assault rifles, known as colectivos, have been conducting intrusive searches and establishing checkpoints to identify and punish anyone showing support for Maduro’s removal from power, Reuters reported.
The National Union of Press Workers of Venezuela reported that armed forces briefly detained fourteen journalists during Monday’s induction of Vice President Delcy Rodríguez as the country’s interim leader. Residents have also reported that some Venezuelans have been afraid to leave their homes, fearing that armed forces would seize and scour their phones for signs of dissent, The Telegraph said.
“The future is uncertain, the Colectivos have weapons, the Colombian guerrilla is already here in Venezuela, so we don’t know what’s going to happen, time will tell,” Oswaldo, a 69-year-old Venezuelan shop owner, told The Telegraph.
The colectivos are largely controlled by Nicolás Maduro’s close ally, Diosdado Cabello, who has a $25 million bounty from the U.S. State Department largely for his role in corruption and drug trafficking.
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Paramilitary members known as “colectivos” rally to protest Nicolás Maduro’s capture by the United States armed forces in the center of Caracas, Venezuela, on January 4, 2026. (Andrea Hernández Briceño/For The Washington Post)
Cabello, who serves as the state’s Minister of Interior, Justice and Peace, is widely known for suppressing political dissent in Venezuela. The presence of colectivos, who often serve as an unofficial arm of state repression, suggests that Maduro loyalists are desperately trying to maintain their grip on the country.
The reported crackdown began with a government directive to root out dissent against the Venezuelan regime. According to Reuters, a state of emergency decree published on Monday ordered police to “immediately begin the national search and capture of everyone involved in the promotion or support of the armed attack by the United States.”
As someone who conducts state-run domestic espionage through widespread coordination of surveillance and counterintelligence agencies, Cabello remains a major unpredictable and dangerous figure in the wake of Maduro’s capture, Reuters reported.
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Nicolás Maduro (C) waves a national flag at the Balcón del Pueblo of the Miraflores Government Palace on Jan. 23, 2019, in Caracas, Venezuela. (Edilzon Gamez/Getty Images)
“The focus is now on Diosdado Cabello,” Venezuelan military strategist Jose Garcia told the outlet. “Because he is the most ideological, violent and unpredictable element of the Venezuelan regime.”
Reuters reported that the former military officer was also recently spotted patrolling Venezuelan streets with security forces.
In a social media post by the Venezuelan government, footage reportedly showed Cabello posing with a crowd of armed militia as they shouted, “Always loyal, never traitors.”
Reuters added that in recent weeks, Cabello was also seen on television ordering Venezuela’s military counterintelligence agency to “go and get the terrorists” and warning “whoever strays, we will know.”
Paramilitary members known as colectivos flood the streets of Caracas, Venezuela, on Jan. 4, 2026. (Andrea Hernández Briceño/For The Washington Post)
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He reportedly repeated the same rhetoric in a state television appearance Saturday, wearing a flak jacket and helmet and surrounded by heavily armed guards.
Despite the removal of Maduro, the loyalist crackdown on dissent and the media suggests that the ruling party has no intention of relinquishing its grip on power.
Reuters contributed to this report.